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THE WATER SAWMILL
ITS HISTORY AND EVOLUTION IN THE SCHIO AREA

Beginning with the upper Leogra Valley, in the district of Seghetta, we find the Miola Sawmill(1); the building, which is perpendicular to the Leogra, receives the water from a small canal excavated a few hundred metres uphill and is operated by two box wheels, of which the larger one is made of wood and iron(2) and belonged to the Filippi family who managed a rolling mill in Contrà Gobbi until 1990. The sawmill has been owned by Miola for about hundred and fifty years, but the establishment and the small canal are certainly older, in fact remains of some forges (in Contrà Sega and on the orographical right bank of the Leogra) and a mill (on the Trunk Road, at Gisbenti) have been found on this site ; the concentration of extensive productive activity provides evidence of a fairly consistent inhabited nucleus around the area where the Malunga flows into the Leogra. The maps show the presence of two other mills up to the end of the seventeenth century.
The sawmill was active until 1969 and today is only used occasionally.

Coming down towards Valli del Pasubio, along the Sterpa, another tributary of the Leogra, we find the Sella-Bonaguro Sawmill(3), no longer in operation. The elongated construction runs parallel to the Sterpa and still shows traces of the canal which used to operate the turbines. At the beginning of the twentieth century, it produced electricity for the whole of the Contrada Ertele.

Finally, the Venetian-style Cavion Sawmill(4), presently Pretto, incorporated in a housing complex in the district of Ponte Croce, south of Valli del Pasubio, boasts a long interesting history regarding production transformation and its consequences on the standard of living of the inhabitants.
The construction of the building is traditional: a long open shelter(5) contains the carriage(6) and frame for the blade; when it was in operation, it was supplied by a canal excavated on the orographical left side of the Puglia torrent, which fell heavily onto a Pelton turbine, and before that (late nineteenth century) onto a water wheel. The Cavion family used this canal (and widened it) up to 1901 when, following financial difficulty, it was forced to give up its water rights, the sawmill, a lathe and a walnut press (all powered by the canal) to the entrepreneur Giovanni Rossi who, in those years, progressively acquired these rights from all the small craftsmen in order to convey the water energy to his Hydroelectric Power Stations at Ressalto and Ponte delle Capre, where electricity was produced for industrial use. However, the sawmill was kept in operation by the subsequent tenants, the Pretto family, who later became the owners and still are today.

The Dalla Vecchia Sawmill(7), owned by Luigi and Bruno and no longer in operation, is another important sawmill establishment situated further south of Schio, on the left-hand side of the Leogra just after the Ponte Canale. At this point the Maestra Canal coming from Torrebelvicino, enters the built-up area of Schio where it is raised thanks to the overhead duct(8) (Ponte Canale, 1883); its fall was previously exploited by a turbine (1892) used by the Peron family to direct it to their sawmill situated in the New Workers’ Neighbourhood in Via Fusinieri. From 1915, the Peron family were superseded by the rich important Benincà family from Schio who built a sawmill, this passed to Angelo Dalla Vecchia, father of the actual owners, in 1938. The two Francis turbines belonging to the De Pretto can still be seen, as well as the imposing long shelter(9) with a great deal of machinery(10) which emphasises the importance of the whole productive plant(11).

by Marina Campolmi Perfetti